@Article{OliveiraValeViei:2015:WaGaSh,
               author = "Oliveira, N. M. B. and Valen{\c{c}}a, G. P. and Vieira, Ricardo",
          affiliation = "{Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)} and {Universidade 
                         Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Water gas shift reaction on copper catalysts supported on alumina 
                         and carbon nanofibers",
              journal = "Chemical Engineering Transactions",
                 year = "2015",
               volume = "43",
                pages = "931--936",
             abstract = "The water gas shift (WGS) reaction is widely used in the 
                         production of hydrogen, by the conversion of carbon monoxide into 
                         CO2 and of water into H2. In the present work, copper catalysts 
                         supported on alumina or carbon nanofibers (CNF) were used to study 
                         the WGS reaction. The catalysts were prepared by impregnating 
                         copper nitrate in the supports, with a nominal mass metallic 
                         content of 5%. The solids were dried, calcined and characterized 
                         by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, nitrous oxide 
                         chemisorption and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission 
                         Spectrometry (ICP OES). After calcination, the catalysts were 
                         loaded into the reactor, reduced and then tested in the WGS 
                         reaction at medium temperatures (398-573 K). The gases from 
                         reactor were analyzed online by Gas Chromatography (GC). The 
                         products were CO2, H2 and, probably, small amounts of coke. The CO 
                         partial pressure varied between 4.6 and 6.6 kPa, and the water 
                         partial pressure varied between 20.0 and 47.4 kPa. Among the 
                         catalysts tested, 5% Cu/Al2O2 was the most active under all 
                         conditions used in this work, due to the high dispersion of the 
                         metal particles on the support. The most favorable reaction 
                         conditions for this catalyst were pH2O 0 = 38.6 kPa and pCO 0 = 
                         5.3 kPa (H2O:CO molar ratio of 7.3), for all reaction temperatures 
                         used in this work. Cu/CNF had low CO conversions, due to the 
                         support hydrophobicity. In case of this catalyst, the most 
                         favorable conditions were pH2O 0 = 20.0 kPa and pCO 0 = 6.6 kPa, 
                         corresponding to a H2O:CO molar ratio of 3.1. The apparent 
                         activation energy calculated for the WGS reaction was 86.1 kJ 
                         mol-1 for 5%Cu/Al2O and 69.8 kJ mol-1 for 5%Cu/CNF. For Cu/CNF a 
                         co-operative redox reaction mechanism was proposed, and apparent 
                         reaction orders were 0.64 in relation to CO and approximately zero 
                         in relation to water.",
                  doi = "10.3303/CET1543156",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.3303/CET1543156",
                 issn = "1974-9791",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "2015_oliveira.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}